Chuyên đề ôn thi ngữ pháp tiếng anh 11

PH CÁC CHUYÊN NG PHÁPẦ ỮChapter 1: tenses in englishA.The simple present tense: Thì hi th ng )ệ ườ I. The form: CÊu tróc “To be”: am is are(+) am She/ He/ It is We/ You/ They are(­) am not She/ He/ It is not (isn’t) We/ You/ They are not (aren’t)(?) Am Is she/ he/ it Are we/ you/ they?­ Ordinary verbs: đng th ng)ộ ườ(+) We/ You/ They She/ He/ It V(s, es)(­) I/ We/ You/ They don’t V(infinitive without ‘to’) She/ He/ It doesn’t V(infinitive without ‘to’)(?) Do I/ we/ you/ they V(infinitive without ‘to’)? Does she/ he/ it V(infinitive without ‘to’) ?II. The usage: Cách ng)ử ụ­ Đc dùng di hành đng vi đc đi nhi n, thói quen ho ượ ượ ởthích. Ex: She never comes late She writes to her mother twice month They like drinking coffee.­ Đc dùng di th hi nhiênượ ểEx The earth moves around the Sun Water boils at 100 0C­ di th gian bi u, ho ch, đoán,…….ể ựEx: The train leaves at 9.00III. Notes (Chú ý) The recognition: (D hi nh bi t) Có và nh :ộ always/ usually/ often/ sometimes/ occasionally/ seldom….Everyday/ week/ month….,once aweek, twice year…* Cách thêm ‘s, es’­ Thêm ‘es’ vào sau các đng thúc cùng: o, ch, sh, s, x.­ Thêm ‘s’ vào sau các đng còn iộ ạ* Cách đc khi thêm ‘e, es’ ọ­ Đc là /iz/ khi đng thúc là: ch, sh, s, x­ Đc là /s/ khi đng thúc là: k, p, t­ Đc là /z/ các đng còn i.ọ ạExercise: Dùng đng trong ngo thì Simple Presentộ ở1. Water boil at 100 C.2. Nam usually get up at 6.00 ?3. What you often have for lunch ?4. She’ very clever. She speak languages.5. Steve smoke ten cigarettes day.6. An insect have six legs.7. She often visit you at weekend ?8. Mary wash her teeth twice day.9. You often watch film in the evening ?10. Mary swim very well ?11. She not/like watching T.V.12. She get at 6. o’clock, and go to school at o’clock.13. He not/ usually/ drive to work. He usually walk ).14. Kangaroo see everywhere in Australia.15. My father drink coffee every morning.16. At Christmas, people often decorate tree.17. It not rain in the dry season.18. Nam often visit you on Sunday No. He visit me on Saturday19. What time she finish work everyday She finish it at 16.0020. My mother take Jim to the dentist many times.21. My little sister drink milk everyday.22. Long like tennis No. He like badminton.23. The Earth move around the Sun24. The Sun rise in the East and set in the West25. What you often do in your free time?B. The present progressive tense: Thì hi ti di )ệ ễI. The form:( cÊu tróc (+) am V­ing We/ You/ They are V­ing He/ She/ It is V­ing(­) am not V­ing We/ You/ They are not aren’t) V­ing He/ She/ It is not (isn’t) V­ing(?) Am V­ing Are we/ you/ they V­ing Is she/ he/ it V­ing ?II. The usage: (Cách ng)ử a/ Đc ng di hành đng ho vi đang ra th đi nói ượ They are watching TV at the momentb/ Hµnh ®éng nãi chung ®ang diÔn ra nh ng kh«ng nhÊt thiÕt ph¶I thùc sù diÔn ra ngay lóc nãi.Ex: am writing novel now.III. Notes: (Chú )* The recognition (D hi nh bi t) Có và nh :ấ ư­ now/ at present/ at this time/ at the moment.* Các đng thúc cùng là: ‘e’ ta ph ‘e’ tr khi thêm INGướCome Coming* đng thúc cùng là: ie’ ph chuy thànhả ‘y’ tr khi thêm đuôiướ ‘ing’ Lie Lying* Nhân đôi ph âm cu khi đng thúc ng: Ph Nguyên Ph ụ( dùng cho đng âm ti t, hai âm ti thì tr ng âm ph âm ti th hai )ộ ứ( ge tt ing, ru nn ing, ha vi ng, wri ti ng, ying ying ,…) đng th ng hay không ng ng hi ti di n: ườ ễbe/ see/ hear/ understand/ know/ like/ want/ glance/ feel/ think/ smell/ love/ hate/ realize/ seem/ remember/ forget/ ………( nh th ta thay th ng thì hi th ng )ế ườExercise: Dùng đng trong ngo thì Present Progressiveộ ở1. She’s tired. She want to go home now.2. Tom plant the trees in the garden at the moment ?3. What you do now ?4. Listen someone knock on the front door.5. He write novel at present.6. They watch T.V at present No. They listen to the radio7. He and play soccer at the moment.8. Tom and be busy at the moment.9. They see movie at the moment.10. We want to go to school at the moment.C. The simple future tense: I. The form: (+) will (infinitive without ‘to’) (­) will not (won’t) V(infinitive without ‘to’) (?) Will V(infinitive without ‘to’)? Shall I/ We V(infinitive without ‘to’) II. The usage: (Cách ng)ử ụ­ di hành đng vi ra trong ng lai.ể ươEx: She will visit me next week Lan and Mai will come here tomorrow. III. Notes: (Chú ý)* The recognition: tomorrow, next week/ month/ year/……. Exercise: Dùng đng trong ngo thì Simple Futureộ ở1. go to the zoo tomorrow2. They publish book next year.3. Where you spend your holiday next year?4. am 13 years old. Next year be 14. 5. You not go to the movies next Sunday.6. It take Lan minutes to go to school next year7. Mrs. Lan take Minh to the dentist next times.8. He and play soccer tomorrow morning.10. They meet their friends next Christmas?11. (be) twenty years old next June12. There be sunny next Sunday13. You do the exercises tomorrow evening?C. Simple past I-form(c«ng thøc) V(ed/2) didn’t V(base form) Did V(base form)+ ?II-uses(c¸ch dïng):Di hành đng ra th đi xác đnh trong quá kh và đã ch không còn liên ớhi ạEx: called him last night III-DÊu hiÖu nhËn biÕtTrong câu th ng xu hi các tr nh sau thi câu đó ph chia thì quá kh đn gi yesterday, ago, last …, ườ ảwhen was young when was/were (a) child/children ….D. past progressive: I-form(c«ng thøc was/ were V(­ing) was/ were not V(­ing) was/ were V(­ing) ?II-uses(c¸ch dïng):1. Thì quá kh ti di di hành đng đang ra th đi xác đnh trong quá kh .ứ ứEx: was watching Tv at last night 2. Di hành đng đang ra thì có hành đng khác xen vào, hành đng xen vào đó đc chia ượ ởthì quá kh đn gi n. Trong câu th ng có when ho while ườ ặEx: when was having dinner, he came 3. Di hành đng cùng song song ra ẩEx: while was watching Tv, my father was reading book I.Put the following verbs into three groups :/id/:/t/:/d/:wanted, played, helped, fitted, liked, watched, visited, looked, needed, remembered, stopped, talked, rented, missed, studied, started, used, learned(v),nacked, changed, stayed, learned(adj),ruggedII.choose the best answer.1.I (met/was meeting) friend while (did/was doing)the shopping.2.I (turned/was turning) round and (saw/was seeing) Paula.3.She (wore/was wearing) bright red coat when saw her.4.I (paid/was paying) for my things when (heard/was hearing) call my name.5.We(left/was leaving) the cafe and (said/was saying) goodbye.6.this time last month we (took/were taking) the final test.7.While we (had/were having) drink, waiter (dropped/was dropping) pile of plates.8.When (came/was coming), he (read/was reading) books.III. correct form of the verbs1.the doorbell (ring)while Tom (watch) T.V .2.How fast you(drive)when the accident (happen)3.Ann and Susan (make).dinn er when Martin (arrive)home.4.The light (go)out when we (have)dinner, but it (come)on again after about ten minutes.5.It suddenly (begin)to rain while Laura (sit)in the garden.6.What you(do)this time yesterday? (work)on the computer.7.It (be)cold when we (leave)the house that day, and slight snow (fall)8.When last (see)them they (try)to find new house near their work.9.I (walk)along the street when suddenly(feel)something hit me in the back. (not/know)what it was.10.When we (drive)down the hill, strange object (appear)in the sky.11.What (you/do)this time yesterday?I was asleep.12.When we came, he (read)books.13.I (see)Sue in town yesterday but she (not see)me.she (look)the other way.14.I(meet)Tom and Ann at the airport few week ago.They (go) to Berlin and (go)to Madrid. We (have)a chat while we(wait) for our flight.15.I (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly man (step )out into the road in front of me.I (go)quite fast but luckly (manage) to stop in time and (not/hit) him.16.Jane (wait) for me when (arrive)17(you/ go) out last night ?No, was too tired.18.John (take)a photograph of me while (not/look)19.I haven’t seen Alan for ages. When last (see)him he(try)to find job in London20.I (walk)along the street when suddenly (hear)footsteps behind me. Somebody (follow)me. was frighted and (start)to run.E. present perfect:I-form(c«ng thøc) Have Has V(ed/3) Have Has not V(ed/3) Have/Has V(ed/3) ?II-uses(c¸ch dïng):­ Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng ®· xÈy ra trong qu¸ khø vµ cßn kÐo dµi tíi hiÖn t¹i. Trong c©u th êng xuÊt hiÖn Since or For )­ Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng võa míi xÈy ra trong c©u th êng xuÊt hiÖn Just )­ Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng ®· tõng xÈy ra trong c©u th êng xuÊt hiÖn Ever )­ Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng vÉn ch xÈy ra trong c©u th êng xuÊt hiªn Yet )­ Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ mét hµnh ®éng ®· xÊy ra trong c©u th êng xuÊt hiÖn( Already )III-DÊu hiÖu nhËn biÕtKhi trong c©u xuÊt hiÖn c¸c tr¹ng tõ hoÆc côm tõ sau th× c©u ®ã ph¶I thÞ hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh: Since,For,Already,yet,ever,recently=lately,so far=up to now,many time several time, how long It’s the first time present perfect It’s the most/adjest ...Complete the sentences using SINCE or FOR1. Linda has been the manage of Timeways travel in London ___three years2. I’ve lived in Rome_____I was two3. Mr.Woods hasn’t been feeling well ____over month 4. Sally and her boyfriend Peter have been going out together____last winter5. I’ve been waiting ____ few minutes6. He’s been in Japan ____ 19867. haven’t seen you ____ christmas8. It hasn’t rained here _____ more than month9. we haven’t bought new shoes ____ ages10. We’ve been here ____ january11. It has been raining..................lunch time.12. My boss has gone away .............ten days13. haved lived in England...............a year. 14. She has lived in London.................1985.15. Please hurry up We have been waiting .............an hour.16. have known her...............January.17. Nam’s father has worked in this company .................20 years.18. Have you learned English.........a long time?19. haven’t seen Tom................Monday.20. This house is very dirty. Wer haven’t cleaned it .............agesPut the verb in the correct tense and insert SINCE or FOR21. ____ the last two years, clothes (be) very dear22. Coal (become) dearer ___ the end of last year23. (write) ten letters _____ breakfast24. “You (see) my friends lately?” “not ___3 days”25. (not see) him ____ more than week26. How long you(wait)?””____half an hour”27. That boy (not wash) his face ___ some time28. (not have) good night’s sleep ____ last week29. She (practice) the piano ___ 6.00 30. Henry (not have) holiday ____ the year before lastPut the verbs into the present perfect tense 31. (live) here since 197032. He (study) English for three years 33. They (come) here many times34. He (already read) these books35. She (just visit) us36. (ever see) this cartoon37. You (ever talk) to her?38. He(have) lunch yet?39. We (not see) her parents yet40. His sister (work) for this company since 199541. They (build) those building recently42. (not be) successful so far43. Up to now he (win) the prize44. It’s the second time he (visit) the USA45. (not live) here since he (be) child46. This is the nicest restaurant (ever see)47. The doctor (be) here since o’clock48. It (rain) yesterday after it (be) dry for many month49. We (already choose) the new person for the job50. You (pay) the taxi­driver yet?Choose the best answer1. We’ve been here ............last week.A. since B. for C. by D. from2.They haven’t seen each other ...........a long time. A. since B. for C. with D. about3.My mother..........in this hospital for years.A. have worked B. worked C. has worked D. works4............you had breakfast since 6.00 a. ?A. Do B. Does C. Have D. Has 5.I have.........her for some years.A. know B. known C. knew D. knowing6............ have you lived here?A. When B. How long C. What time D. What7.I ...................................my book .I can’t find it anywhere.A.lost B.have lost C.has lost D. lose8.For long time, the ¸Ao dai................the subject of poems,novels,and songs.A.were B.was C.have been D.has been9.I don’t know Minh.I............................met him.A.have never B.never have C.haven’t never D.ever haven’t10.a teacher.......................he was 20 years old.A.for B.about C.at D.sinceWrite in correct English1. have lived in Ho Chi Minh city since twenty five years___________________________________________________________2. They haven’t saw such terrble fire before___________________________________________________________3. the house was cleaned up since we left for Nha Trang___________________________________________________________4. The International Olympic Games continued without interrupt since 1896___________________________________________________________5. We didn’t try hard enough since the second semester___________________________________________________________6. have known this singer since she has been 16 year old___________________________________________________________7. people enjoyed Beethovan’s music for nearly 200 years___________________________________________________________8. The boy played soccer since o’clock___________________________________________________________9. All my classmates knew each other quite well since they were in grade 6___________________________________________________________10. These dancers performed that ballet qute well many times___________________________________________________________11. When we visited my friends,they had dinner with their children___________________________________________________________12. My father watered the flowers when it was started raining___________________________________________________________13. Lan has met her old friends two days ago___________________________________________________________14. Phong didn’t see that film before___________________________________________________________15. The girls participated in that project twice___________________________________________________________16. people speak English in Australia for long time___________________________________________________________17. Her father worked in that hospital since he has moved to this city___________________________________________________________18. His sister played piano since she was eight___________________________________________________________19. They didn’t see each other for long___________________________________________________________20. The girls have finished their project two days ago___________________________________________________________ Những mẫu câu quan trọng khi viết lại câu thì HTHT QKĐG -to V........ ago2. started began V_ing......... in, when for........-> have /has p.p ............ since.......2. This is the first time...+ have/has +p.p..........-> have/ has not p.p............before. In năm3. last Ved/ c2 +.......... when mệnh đề Khoảng thời gian ago -> The last time Ved/c2 +.......+ was in.... .....ago.-> It’s năm khoảng tg since V(ed/c2)...........-> haven’t hasn’t p.p...........for since.............4. when did V(bare inf)..........? -> how long have/has +S p.p.......? When did last V(bare inf).......? -> how long is it Since last ved/c2.........?Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same1. We haven’t been to the concert for over year .The last time ………………………………………………………………………2. We last saw our grandfather two years ago .We haven’t …………………………………………………………………………3. have never read such romantic story .This is ………………………………………………………………………………4. It’s nearly twenty years since my father saw my uncleMy father ………………………………………………………………………5. he hasn’t been back to his village for over 20 years .It’s …………………………………………………………………………………6. The journey to the village was very interesting to the boys .We haven’t …………………………………………………………………………7. The last time we went to cinema was two years ago .We haven’t ………………………………………………………………………8. The last time we saw him was on Monday .We…………………………………………………………………………………9. The last time saw David was in 1989 .I……………………………………………………………………………………Chapter 2: wish clauseI §Þnh nghÜa C©u ao íc lµ c©u diÔn t¶ mét mong íc,mét mong íc kh«ng cã thùc hoÆc khã cã thÓ xÈy ra.II Ph©n lo¹i: 1. C©u ao íc hiÖn t¹i: §Ó diÔn ®¹t íc muèn kh«ng cã thùc hiÖn t¹i ng êita dïng th× qu¸ khø cña ®éng tõ trong mÖnh ®Ò ®øng sau wishI don’t know English wish knew EnglishHe watches this film He wish he didn’t watch this film2. C©u ao íc qu¸ khø: Dïng ®Ó diÔn t¶ íc muèn kh«ng cã thùc qu¸ khø ng êi ta dïng th× qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh trong mÖnh ®Ò ®øng sau wish S1 Wish S2 V(ed/2)/wereS1 Wish S2 had V(ed/3)